SalSphere™
Learn more about Salvona’s SalSphere™ platform
Description of SalSphere™
SalSphere™ consists of nano and submicron-spheres, having an average particle size of 0.01 to 1 microns. The spheres have a high cationic or nonionic charge density on their surface to improve their deposition onto the target site.
SalSphere™ is used as a delivery system for functional and active ingredients. The benefits include:
- Enhanced stability of ingredients and prolonged shelf life
- Target actives for specific or non-specific deposition of ingredients to cell receptors or surfaces such as skin or hair
- Enhanced bioavailability of ingredients that have poor bioavailability by themselves
Structure of SalSphere™
The submicron spheres are made of either natural or synthetic materials. The typical matrix has a melting point in the range of 65 to 120 degrees Celsius. The matrix can accommodate actives of various properties, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic, in a soluble or dispersion form up to 50% of its weight.
Picture 1: Detailed SEM image (Scanning Electric Microscope) of SalSphere™ on surface of human hair.
Picture 2: Adhesion of SalSphere™ is seen here on hair, from a rinse off application
Picture 3: SEM picture showing the deposition of SalSphere™ on hair from a leave on conditioner application
SalSphere™ has bioadhesive properties that lead to a strong interaction between the spheres and oral mucous membranes, skin, and hair. The sphere is composed of a bioadhesive polymer embedded within the solid core spheres. The surface polymer can be charged with cationic residues, nonionic residues, or chemical moieties to reduce clogging (adhesion of one SalSphere ™ to the other); assist in suspension (making the SalSphere™ with hydrophilic surfaces repel each other); and adhere to surfaces, utilizing charge or molecular moieties and legands.
Ex-vivo Studies to visually determine the adhesion of SalSphere™ onto human HeLA cells in culture
The following experiment was conducted to determine the nature of the adhesion of SalSphere™ to HelaCells (human regenerated cells). The process: exposure of SalSphere™ with modified surface and non-modified surface to cells in the petridish for two-minutes, followed by three rinses with growth medium to rinse off all non-adhesive spheres.
Picture 1: Modified SalSphere™ adhesion to cells
Picture 2: Control -non specific SalSphere™
The results indicate that the sample with modified SalSphere™ (with cationic polymers ) can adhere specifically to cells.
Quantitative Measurements of SalSphere™ Adhesion onto Human Hair:
SalSphere™ was formulated with 20% Lilial (a model fragrance ingredient). The ingredients and formulation were typical to a commercial hair conditioner. The hair was treated in a conventional rinse off application. The hair was extracted by ethanol to determine the level of Lilial residue on the hair by GC MS.
The data shows that SalSphere™ deposition of Lillial was 10 times greater than of the Free sample.
Example 2: Quantitative adhesion results of an active onto skin from a rinse off application.
SalSphere™ Salicylic Acid deposits 3-5 times more Salicylic Acid onto the skin from a rinsed off shower gel than the control.
Graph of Salicylic Acid Deposition onto Skin using a control and Salvona's SalSphere™ encapsulated Salicylic Acid.
Specific Features of NanoSal™
1). Long Lasting Fragrance Release from Hair Care Applications:
A volatile fragrance was encapsulated in SalSphere™, incorporated into a hair conditioner, then rinsed off. The following two graphs compare the factual deposition of the fragrance, as measured by an analytical method (GC), to sensory odor evaluation by a panel.
Hair swatches rinsed with Hair Conditioner
Figure 1: Quantitative deposition- (fragrance retained over time)
Figure 2: Odor Intensity over time
*12 People Surveyed
The data shows that the amount of fragrance deposited onto hair from SalSphere™ is higher than the control. The sensory data confirms that the higher despostion, as a result of the NanoSal™ technology, resulted with higher odor perception over a SalSphere™ of 8 hours.
2). Enhanced stability of ingredients and prolonged shelf life:
SalSphere™ Resveratrol is a model system to demonstrate the stability of functional ingredients that have been encapsulated. Resveratrol is a valuable polyphenol used for anti-aging, sun protection, and other applications. The picture below shows the difference in color between the un-encapsulated resveratrol and SalSphere™ Resveratrol. The stability is exemplified by color change due to oxidation.
Testing conditions included 2 weeks at 45 °C. SalSphere™ was incorporated in a water based cosmetic emulsion. The free formulation with resveratrol turned brown after one week, while the SalSphere™ Resveratrol remained stable for three months.
3). Targeted delivery (specific or non-specific), deposition of ingredients onto a particular surface:
Example 1- SalSphere™ AntiFrizz is an antifrizz hair treatment infused with silicone. The picture below shows how SalSphere™ coated the hair and retained silicon to reduce the frizzing of the hair exposed to a high humidity chamber.
The picture shows hair swatches treated with free silicone and compared with hair swatches treated with SalSphere™ one. The control shows frizzing while the SalSphere™ Antifrizz shows manageable, untangled hair.
Example 2: SalSphere™ Color Guard- maintain the resilience of colored hair.
SalSphere™ Color guard is composed of a blend of botanical wax (to reduce wash bleaching) and UV filters (to reduce UV ray induced fading)
Left: Control Sample
Right: SalSphere™ Colorguard
The picture above shows an unencapsulated product side by product with SalSphere™ Colorguard. Both products were applied by leave on conditioners.
Example 3: SalSphere™ Moisture Key 105- demonstrates long lasting moisturizing effects for the skin. SalSphere™ is infused with hydrochloric acid, Cerimide, Glycerin, and a botanical wax, in a water based emulsion.
The picture Above shows the instrument used to measure skin moisturizing
- Moisturizing is measured clinically by a DPM reader (Data Point Measurement reader).
Picture Below shows the moisturizing effects measured in clinical studies comparing SalSphere™ moisture key to three commercial products.
The picture above shows that SalSphere™ Moisture Key retaining the moisture level consistently high for at least 6.5 hours.
4). Facilitation of cosmetic formulations
SalSphere™ permits the incorporation of actives with reduced water solubility. For example, Minoxidil, typically formulated in Alcohol, because it irritates the skin, can be formulated in water. SalSphere™ Minoxidil resolves this formulation issue and produces a water-based product that is aesthetic, pleasing , and functional. In addition, SalSphere™ Minoxidil targets the active to the hair root through the sebaceous gland, increasing efficacy. The size of the delivery system allows the active to penetrate deep into the skin, nourishing and revitalizing hair follicles.
SalSphere™ can be used in ionic/non-ionic product formulations. The SalSphere™ has to be designed appropriately by either cationic or non-iconic surface properties.
Salvona Awarded for Nano Technology
Nanotech Briefs announced Salvona as a winner of the second annual Nano 50 Awards, which recognize the top 50 technologies, products, and innovators that have significantly impacted - or are expected to impact - the state of the art in nanotechnology. The winners of the Nano 50 awards are the "best of the best" - the innovative people and designs that will move nanotechnology to key mainstream markets.
Nano 50 nominations were judged by a panel of nanotechnology experts. The technologies, products, and innovators receiving the 50 highest scores were named Nano 50 award winners. View the Nano50 Here
Nanotech Briefs announced Salvona as a winner of the second annual Nano 50 Awards, which recognize the top 50 technologies, products, and innovators that have significantly impacted - or are expected to impact - the state of the art in nanotechnology. The winners of the Nano 50 awards are the "best of the best" - the innovative people and designs that will move nanotechnology to key mainstream markets.
Nano 50 nominations were judged by a panel of nanotechnology experts. The technologies, products, and innovators receiving the 50 highest scores were named Nano 50 award winners. View the Nano50 Here
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